{"id":983,"date":"2023-04-12T12:36:17","date_gmt":"2023-04-12T10:36:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/caro-gard.cz\/?page_id=983"},"modified":"2026-02-23T13:29:44","modified_gmt":"2026-02-23T12:29:44","slug":"983-2","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/caro-gard.cz\/?page_id=983","title":{"rendered":"Tuberkul\u00f3zu nelze vym\u00fdtit, jen zkrotit"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Tuberkul\u00f3zu nelze vym\u00fdtit, jen zkrotit<\/strong><\/h1>\n

\u0158\u00edkaj\u00ed \u010de\u0161t\u00ed plicn\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159i a p\u0159ipravuj\u00ed se na m\u00edrn\u00fd n\u00e1r\u016fst<\/i><\/h2>\n

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[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” min_height=”1238.4px” custom_margin=”-43px|auto||auto||” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.20.4″ _module_preset=”default” text_font=”Open Sans||||||||” text_text_color=”#404040″ text_font_size=”16px” header_3_font=”Inria Serif|700|||||||” header_3_text_color=”#0082AD” header_3_line_height=”1.4em” header_4_font=”Inria Serif||on||||||” header_4_text_color=”#0082AD” header_4_font_size=”20px” header_4_line_height=”1.3em” header_6_font=”Inria Serif|700|||||||” header_6_text_color=”#DF428B” max_width=”80%” max_width_tablet=”80%” max_width_phone=”100%” max_width_last_edited=”on|phone” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n

V\u00a0\u010cesku p\u0159ibylo lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed maj\u00ed odolnou formu tuberkul\u00f3zy \u2013 tzv. multirezistentn\u00ed. Na tuto tuberkul\u00f3zu b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 l\u00e9ky nezab\u00edraj\u00ed a pacienti se z\u00a0n\u00ed dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed a\u017e dva roky. Plicn\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159i volaj\u00ed po vzniku specializovan\u00fdch center, kde ji bude mo\u017en\u00e9 l\u00e9\u010dit. Dosud existuje jedin\u00e9 \u2013 ve Fakultn\u00ed\u00a0Thomayerov\u011b nemocnici v\u00a0Praze, to v\u0161ak do budoucna nemus\u00ed sta\u010dit. Pneumologov\u00e9 o tom informuj\u00ed u p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti Sv\u011btov\u00e9ho <\/span>dne boje proti tuberkul\u00f3ze, kter\u00fd p\u0159ipad\u00e1 na <\/span>24. b\u0159ezna \u2013 ve stejn\u00fd den jen o 141 let d\u0159\u00edveozn\u00e1mil n\u011bmeck\u00fd l\u00e9ka\u0159 Robert Koch objev z\u00e1ke\u0159n\u00e9ho bacilu Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/i>, jen\u017e nemoc zp\u016fsobuje.<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n

Zat\u00edmco v\u00a0roce 2021 bylo v\u00a0\u010cesku deset p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f multirezistentn\u00ed (MDR) tuberkul\u00f3zy, loni se \u010d\u00edslo vy\u0161plhalo na devaten\u00e1ct (v\u010detn\u011b dvou pacient\u016f diagnostikovan\u00fdch ji\u017e na Ukrajin\u011b) a st\u00e1le m\u00edrn\u011b roste. \u201eJedn\u00e1me s\u00a0ministerstvem zdravotnictv\u00ed o vzniku dal\u0161\u00edch dvou center v\u00a0Brn\u011b a Hradci Kr\u00e1lov\u00e9, kde bychom se do budoucna mohli o pacienty s\u00a0multirezistentn\u00ed formou postarat. Vznik t\u011bchto pracovi\u0161\u0165 bohu\u017eel nen\u00ed levnou z\u00e1le\u017eitost\u00ed, co\u017e situaci komplikuje. Po\u010det pacient\u016f nad\u00e1le poroste a my na to mus\u00edme b\u00fdt p\u0159ipraveni,\u201c<\/em> \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 prof. MUDr. Martina Koziar Va\u0161\u00e1kov\u00e1, Ph.D., p\u0159edsedkyn\u011b \u010cesk\u00e9 pneumologick\u00e9 a\u00a0ftizeologick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti (\u010cPFS).<\/div>\n

Podle MUDr. Ivany Hric\u00edkov\u00e9, vedouc\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159ky Centra vysoce specializovan\u00e9 p\u00e9\u010de o pacienty s multirezistentn\u00ed tuberkul\u00f3zou Fakultn\u00ed Thomayerovy nemocnice (FTN) v\u00a0Praze, roste v\u00fdskyt i kv\u016fli migraci. \u201eKa\u017ed\u00fd pacient s MDR tuberkul\u00f3zou by m\u011bl le\u017eet zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165, aby nedo\u0161lo ke k\u0159\u00ed\u017een\u00ed rezistenc\u00ed. V\u00fdjimkou jsou rodinn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edci \u010di spolubydl\u00edc\u00ed, u nich\u017e p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1me infekci stejn\u00fdm kmenem mykobakteria. Loni u n\u00e1s postupn\u011b le\u017eelo 18 pacient\u016f, co\u017e je kapacitn\u011b na hran\u011b \u2013 m\u00e1me 15 l\u016f\u017eek,\u201c<\/em> vysv\u011btluje MUDr. Hric\u00edkov\u00e1. \u201eKrom\u011b nov\u00fdch center, kter\u00e1 by zajistila m\u00edsta pro budouc\u00ed pacienty, by tak\u00e9 pomohlo, kdyby se ke v\u0161em pot\u0159ebn\u00fdm dostaly nov\u00e9 l\u00e9ky. Zkracuj\u00ed toti\u017e dobu hospitalizace z 18\u201324 m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f na 6\u20139 m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f, ale jsou finan\u010dn\u011b n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 a poji\u0161\u0165ovny se zdr\u00e1haj\u00ed je propl\u00e1cet. P\u0159esto\u017ee tyto l\u00e9ky Sv\u011btov\u00e1 zdravotnick\u00e1 organizace MDR pacient\u016fm doporu\u010duje, u n\u00e1s trv\u00e1 p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 3\u20136 t\u00fddn\u016f, v hor\u0161\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b i 3 m\u011bs\u00edce, ne\u017e je poji\u0161\u0165ovna schv\u00e1l\u00ed.\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n

Podle nejnov\u011bj\u0161\u00edch dat vzrostl v \u010cesku celkov\u00fd po\u010det lid\u00ed s\u00a0tuberkul\u00f3zou o 17 osob na lo\u0148sk\u00fdch 374. Podle MUDr. Ji\u0159\u00edho Wallenfelse, vedouc\u00edho N\u00e1rodn\u00ed jednotky dohledu nad tuberkul\u00f3zou FN Bulovka, to souvis\u00ed s\u00a0p\u0159\u00edlivem uprchl\u00edk\u016f z Ukrajiny. \u201e<\/em>Po\u010det osob s\u00a0TBC narozen\u00fdch na Ukrajin\u011b \u010dinil 89, co\u017e je o 154 % v\u00edce ne\u017e v\u00a0roce p\u0159edch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edm<\/em>,\u201c<\/em> \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 MUDr. Wallenfels.<\/p>\n

Loni v\u00a0\u010cesku onemocn\u011blo tuberkul\u00f3zou jeden\u00e1ct d\u011bt\u00ed. Jak uv\u00e1d\u00ed vedouc\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159ka Plicn\u00ed ambulance a St\u0159ediska p\u00e9\u010de pro d\u011bti s tuberkul\u00f3zou a mykobakteri\u00f3zami FTN MUDr. Karol\u00edna Dole\u017ealov\u00e1, Ph.D., d\u011bt\u0161t\u00ed nemocn\u00ed neb\u00fdvaj\u00ed pro sv\u00e9 okol\u00ed zdravotn\u011b nebezpe\u010dn\u00ed. \u201eD\u00edt\u011b se od d\u00edt\u011bte velmi pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b nenakaz\u00ed. Pokud je nemocn\u00e9, mus\u00edme hledat zdroj v\u202frodin\u011b nebo v\u202fjeho bl\u00edzk\u00e9m okol\u00ed. Pomohlo by, kdyby lid\u00e9 z\u00a0rizikov\u00fdch zem\u00ed pro\u0161li p\u0159ed vstupem do zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed tuberkulinov\u00fdm testem nebo rentgenem hrudn\u00edku. To sam\u00e9 bychom doporu\u010dovali tak\u00e9 u d\u011bt\u00ed p\u0159ed t\u00edm, ne\u017e nastoup\u00ed do \u0161koly nebo \u0161kolky,\u201c<\/em> vysv\u011btluje MUDr. Dole\u017ealov\u00e1. \u201eAsi 30 % na\u0161ich sou\u010dasn\u00fdch pacient\u016f je romsk\u00e9ho p\u016fvodu. Abychom neztratili kontrolu nad nemoc\u00ed, ohromn\u011b by pomohlo zaveden\u00ed nab\u00eddky bezplatn\u00e9ho o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed Rom\u016f v\u00a0porodnic\u00edch nebo nap\u0159\u00edklad vznik mobiln\u00edch o\u010dkovac\u00edch t\u00fdm\u016f v\u00a0\u010cech\u00e1ch a na Morav\u011b. \u0158ada chud\u0161\u00edch rodin, kde se TBC vyskytuje, nem\u00e1 auto, a tak do nejbli\u017e\u0161\u00ed kalmetiza\u010dn\u00ed stanice, kde by o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed dostali, zkr\u00e1tka nedojedou. Tuberkul\u00f3za se pak \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed rodinou d\u00e1l,\u201c<\/em> vysv\u011btluje MUDr. Dole\u017ealov\u00e1.<\/p>\n

Plicn\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159i se shoduj\u00ed, \u017ee zru\u0161en\u00ed plo\u0161n\u00e9ho o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed proti tuberkul\u00f3ze m\u011blo smysl, d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 je o\u010dkovat v\u00a0rizikov\u00fdch skupin\u00e1ch. \u201eTuberkul\u00f3zu zcela vym\u00fdtit nelze, ale je mo\u017en\u00e9 ji dr\u017eet na n\u00edzk\u00fdch \u010d\u00edslech, tak jak tomu bylo doposud. K\u00a0tomu p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1 i selektivn\u00ed o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed. Loni jsme takto nao\u010dkovali asi 3500 osob,\u201c <\/em>up\u0159es\u0148uje prim. MUDr. Ivana \u010ciern\u00e1 Peterov\u00e1, p\u0159edsedkyn\u011b Sekce ambulantn\u00edch pneumolog\u016f \u010cPFS. Podle l\u00e9ka\u0159\u016f by u\u017e v\u00a0horizontu n\u011bkolika m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f mohlo doj\u00edt ke zm\u011bn\u011b vyhl\u00e1\u0161ky, kter\u00e1 dr\u017e\u00ed tuberkul\u00f3zn\u00ed pacienty v\u00a0nemocnic\u00edch, i kdy\u017e u\u017e nejsou naka\u017eliv\u00ed. \u201e\u010cesko je jednou z\u00a0posledn\u00edch zem\u00ed Evropsk\u00e9 unie, kter\u00e1 pacienty m\u011bs\u00edce izoluje v\u00a0nemocnic\u00edch. Na z\u00e1pad od n\u00e1s je pou\u0161t\u00ed dom\u016f a kontroluj\u00ed pouze, zda dodr\u017euj\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dbu, zdr\u017euj\u00ed se doma a nos\u00ed rou\u0161ku. \u017d\u00e1dn\u00e1 z\u00a0t\u011bchto vysp\u011bl\u00fdch zem\u00ed nem\u00e1 s\u00a0vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm v\u00fdskytem tuberkul\u00f3zy probl\u00e9m,\u201c <\/em>p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 doc. MUDr. Milan Sova, Ph.D., p\u0159ednosta Kliniky nemoc\u00ed plicn\u00edch a\u00a0tuberkul\u00f3zy ve Fakultn\u00ed nemocnici v\u00a0Brn\u011b a p\u0159edseda \u010cesk\u00e9 aliance proti chronick\u00fdm respira\u010dn\u00edm onemocn\u011bn\u00edm. Zodpov\u011bdn\u00ed pacienti by tak mohli po z\u00e1kladn\u00edm zal\u00e9\u010den\u00ed j\u00edt z\u00a0nemocnice dom\u016f a o\u0161et\u0159uj\u00edc\u00edm l\u00e9ka\u0159\u016fm by p\u0159es aplikaci typu WhatsApp pos\u00edlali video, jak u\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed l\u00e9ky.<\/p>\n

Jak uv\u00e1d\u00ed doc. MUDr. Vladim\u00edr Kobl\u00ed\u017eek, Ph.D., v\u011bdeck\u00fd sekret\u00e1\u0159 \u010cPFS, tuberkul\u00f3za m\u00e1 velmi nejasn\u00e9 projevy \u2013 obraz \u010dlov\u011bka chrl\u00edc\u00edho krev do kapesn\u00edku je u\u017e d\u00e1vno minulost\u00ed. \u201eOnemocn\u011bn\u00ed se snadno schov\u00e1 za jin\u00e9 choroby. Ka\u0161el, vyka\u0161l\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed krvav\u00fdch hlen\u016f a zad\u00fdch\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed pat\u0159\u00ed mezi typick\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edznaky pokro\u010dil\u00e9 plicn\u00ed\u00a0tuberkul\u00f3zy.<\/em> N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed pacienti jenom hubnou, jsou unaven\u00ed, slab\u00ed nebo trp\u00ed no\u010dn\u00edmi poty,\u201c<\/em> uv\u00e1d\u00ed doc. Kobl\u00ed\u017eek a vyvrac\u00ed i dal\u0161\u00ed za\u017eitou p\u0159edstavu, jak doch\u00e1z\u00ed k\u00a0naka\u017een\u00ed. \u201eRozhodn\u011b ne tak lehce, jak si lid\u00e9 \u010dasto p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed. Tuberkul\u00f3za nen\u00ed ch\u0159ipka. Pokud lid\u00e9 po vdechnut\u00ed tuberkul\u00f3zn\u00edch bacil\u016f\u00a0maj\u00ed dobrou imunitu, nemus\u00ed se v\u016fbec nakazit, jejich organismus se s\u00a0bacilem vypo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1. Riziko infekce vzr\u016fst\u00e1 ve chv\u00edli, kdy str\u00e1v\u00ed s\u00a0vyka\u0161l\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edm nemocn\u00fdm n\u011bkolik hodin \u010di sp\u00ed\u0161e dn\u016f v\u00a0uzav\u0159en\u00e9 m\u00edstnosti. I pot\u00e9 se ale nemus\u00ed TBC projevit \u2013 jedn\u00e1 se o takzvanou latentn\u00ed formu\u00a0tuberkul\u00f3zn\u00ed infekce. Ta se schov\u00e1 v\u00a0t\u011ble a sp\u00ed, dokud ji n\u011bco neprobud\u00ed. Tato forma je nebezpe\u010dn\u00e1 v\u00a0tom, \u017ee se m\u016f\u017ee projevit pozd\u011bji jako manifestn\u00ed\u00a0tuberkul\u00f3zn\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed \u2013 nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159i zah\u00e1jen\u00ed biologick\u00e9 l\u00e9\u010dby nebo onemocn\u011bn\u00ed cukrovkou.\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n

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Tuberkul\u00f3zu nelze vym\u00fdtit, jen zkrotit \u0158\u00edkaj\u00ed \u010de\u0161t\u00ed plicn\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159i a p\u0159ipravuj\u00ed se na m\u00edrn\u00fd n\u00e1r\u016fst   V\u00a0\u010cesku p\u0159ibylo lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed maj\u00ed odolnou formu tuberkul\u00f3zy \u2013 tzv. multirezistentn\u00ed. Na tuto tuberkul\u00f3zu b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 l\u00e9ky nezab\u00edraj\u00ed a pacienti se z\u00a0n\u00ed dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed a\u017e dva roky. Plicn\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159i volaj\u00ed po vzniku specializovan\u00fdch center, kde ji bude mo\u017en\u00e9 l\u00e9\u010dit. Dosud existuje […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/caro-gard.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/983"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/caro-gard.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/caro-gard.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/caro-gard.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/caro-gard.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=983"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/caro-gard.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/983\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1210,"href":"https:\/\/caro-gard.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/983\/revisions\/1210"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/caro-gard.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=983"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}