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Jako bych d\u00fdchal skrz br\u010dko. M\u00e1m pocit, \u017ee se top\u00edm, i kdy\u017e jsem na suchu. Na hrudn\u00edku m\u011b nesnesiteln\u011b t\u00ed\u017e\u00ed. Jako bych b\u011b\u017eel maraton, i kdy\u017e sed\u00edm. M\u00e1m \u010derno p\u0159ed o\u010dima\u2026 T\u011bmito slovy popisuj\u00ed lid\u00e9 s t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdm astmatem chv\u00edle, kdy proch\u00e1zej\u00ed z\u00e1chvatem, tzv. exacerbac\u00ed. Nez\u0159\u00eddka pak kon\u010d\u00ed v nemocnici. N\u011bkolikr\u00e1t m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u011b za\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed tyto stavy tis\u00edce dosp\u011bl\u00fdch a d\u011bt\u00ed a jejich po\u010det roste. Ulevit jim m\u016f\u017ee biologick\u00e1 l\u00e9\u010dba, k n\u00ed\u017e se v\u0161ak dostanou pouze v n\u00e1rodn\u00edch centrech pro t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 astma. Nyn\u00ed se v t\u011bchto centrech l\u00e9\u010d\u00ed biologickou terapi\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 1 400 osob, jejich po\u010det by v\u0161ak mohl b\u00fdt a\u017e desetin\u00e1sobn\u00fd. L\u00e9ka\u0159i na to upozor\u0148uj\u00ed u p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti Sv\u011btov\u00e9ho dne astmatu, kter\u00fd p\u0159ipad\u00e1 na 6. kv\u011btna.<\/b><\/p>\n
\u201eU pacient\u016f s t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdm astmatem doch\u00e1z\u00ed k \u010dast\u00fdm nebo siln\u00fdm astmatick\u00fdm z\u00e1chvat\u016fm, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed negativn\u00ed vliv na jejich ka\u017edodenn\u00ed \u017eivot. Tato forma nemoci obvykle neodpov\u00edd\u00e1 dostate\u010dn\u011b na b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 l\u00e9ky, jako jsou inhala\u010dn\u00ed kortikosteroidy nebo bronchodilata\u010dn\u00ed l\u00e9ky,\u201c <\/i>uv\u00e1d\u00ed prof. MUDr.\u00a0Milan Sova, Ph.D.<\/strong>, p\u0159ednosta Kliniky nemoc\u00ed plicn\u00edch a tuberkul\u00f3zy Fakultn\u00ed nemocnice Brno.<\/p>\n Podle odhad\u016f je\u00a0v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice v\u00edce ne\u017e 800\u00a0000 astmatik\u016f, z\u00a0toho t\u011b\u017ekou formou trp\u00ed podle n\u011bkter\u00fdch odhad\u016f a\u017e ka\u017ed\u00fd des\u00e1t\u00fd. L\u00e9ka\u0159i pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed k\u00a0za\u0159azen\u00ed t\u00ed\u017ee nemoci p\u011btistup\u0148ovou \u0161k\u00e1lu, t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 astma zahrnuje pacienty ve stupni 4 a 5. U\u00a0nich se \u010dasto neda\u0159\u00ed dostat nemoc pod kontrolu, u\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed vysok\u00e9 d\u00e1vky inhala\u010dn\u00edch a or\u00e1ln\u00edch kortikosteroid\u016f a l\u00e9k\u016f na roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed pr\u016fdu\u0161ek.<\/p>\n \u201eVelk\u00e9 d\u00e1vky kortikosteroid\u016f prov\u00e1z\u00ed \u0159ada ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00edch \u00fa\u010dink\u016f. Pat\u0159\u00ed mezi n\u011b nap\u0159\u00edklad \u0159\u00eddnut\u00ed kost\u00ed, cukrovka, oslaben\u00ed imunity nebo vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed riziko infekc\u00ed. Pacienti, u nich\u017e se neda\u0159\u00ed dostat astma pod kontrolu, by m\u011bli j\u00edt do jednoho z\u00a015 <\/i>n\u00e1rodn\u00edch center prot\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 astma, kter\u00e1 jsou ve fakultn\u00edch nebo krajsk\u00fdch nemocnic\u00edch nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d republikou,\u201c<\/i> \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 prof. Sova. V\u00a0t\u011bchto centrech se jim dostane komplexn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010de a p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b terapie biologickou l\u00e9\u010dbou monoklon\u00e1ln\u00edmi protil\u00e1tkami.\u00a0Nap\u0159\u00edklad v\u00a0brn\u011bnsk\u00e9 fakultn\u00ed nemocnici se s\u00a0astmatem l\u00e9\u010d\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 4 500 lid\u00ed. \u201eNa biologick\u00e9 terapii m\u00e1me 200 pacient\u016f. Po\u010det exacerbac\u00ed u nich poklesl a\u017e o 80 %, co\u017e se pozitivn\u011b odrazilo na kvalit\u011b jejich \u017eivota. L\u00e9ky si pacienti aplikuj\u00ed doma injekc\u00ed do podko\u017e\u00ed a k n\u00e1m jezd\u00ed na kontroly jednou za 3 a\u017e 4 m\u011bs\u00edce,<\/i>\u201c <\/i><\/b>\u0159\u00edk\u00e1 prof. Sova.<\/span><\/p>\n Podle doc. MUDr. Jakuba Novosada, Ph.D.<\/strong>, z\u00a0\u00dastavu klinick\u00e9 imunologie a\u00a0alergologie ve FN\u00a0Hradec Kr\u00e1lov\u00e9 pova\u017euj\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159i za dostate\u010dn\u00e9, pokud akutn\u00ed z\u00e1chvaty klesnou minim\u00e1ln\u011b o\u00a050 %.<\/p>\n \u201eVe v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f se da\u0159\u00ed m\u00edt t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 astma pod kontrolou i ve chv\u00edli, kdy je pacient v\u00a0p\u00e9\u010di ambulantn\u00edho specialisty. Jakmile v\u0161ak l\u00e9\u010dba za\u010dne zahrnovat vysok\u00e9 d\u00e1vky kortikoid\u016f pod\u00e1van\u00fdch ve <\/i>form\u011b tablet, je to jasn\u00fd sign\u00e1l, \u017ee by m\u011bl l\u00e9ka\u0159 poslat sv\u00e9ho pacienta do specializovan\u00e9ho centra,\u201c<\/i> dod\u00e1v\u00e1 prof. Sova. Ne v\u017edy se to ale d\u011bje. \u201eZ dostupn\u00fdch dat vyvozujeme, \u017ee a\u017e 15 tis\u00edc nemocn\u00fdch m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt potenci\u00e1ln\u011b vhodn\u00fdch k\u00a0nasazen\u00ed biologick\u00e9 l\u00e9\u010dby. Posledn\u00ed data z roku 2023 nav\u00edc ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee 57,8 % center nevn\u00edm\u00e1 svou kapacitu jako vy\u010derpanou,\u201c<\/i> \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 doc. Novosad.<\/p>\n Mezi typick\u00e9 projevy astmatu pat\u0159\u00ed s\u00edpot a p\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed, nam\u00e1hav\u00e9 d\u00fdch\u00e1n\u00ed\u00a0\u2013 ka\u017ed\u00fd n\u00e1dech i\u00a0v\u00fddech stoj\u00ed jedince obrovsk\u00e9 \u00fasil\u00ed. \u010cast\u00e9ka\u0161l\u00e1n\u00ed, rychl\u00e1 \u00fanava p\u0159i fyzick\u00e9 n\u00e1maze, nap\u011bt\u00ed na hrudi. Astma tak\u00e9 \u010dasto prov\u00e1z\u00ed nekvalitn\u00ed sp\u00e1nek \u2013 v noci se nemocn\u00ed bud\u00ed kv\u016fli ka\u0161li nebo pocitu du\u0161nosti. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed sp\u00ed\u00a0v polosed\u011b, aby se jim l\u00e9pe d\u00fdchalo. Podle l\u00e9ka\u0159\u016f prov\u00e1z\u00ed z\u00e1chvaty obvykle panika a \u00fazkost.<\/p>\n Astma je chronicke\u0301 onemocne\u030cni\u0301 dy\u0301chaci\u0301ch cest. M\u016f\u017ee vzniknout v ktere\u0301mkoli ve\u030cku, ale nejc\u030caste\u030cji propuka\u0301 jiz\u030c v de\u030ctstvi\u0301 v ra\u0301mci tzv. atopicke\u0301ho pochodu.<\/p>\n Typicke\u0301 jsou opakovane\u0301 akutni\u0301 stavy pr\u030cedevs\u030ci\u0301m vy\u0301dechove\u0301 dus\u030cnosti, prova\u0301zene\u0301 pi\u0301skotem na hrudni\u0301ku, pocitem sevr\u030ceni\u0301 c\u030ci ti\u0301hy na hrudi, dra\u0301z\u030cdivy\u0301m kas\u030clem, ktery\u0301 ne\u030ckdy mu\u030az\u030ce by\u0301t dominuji\u0301ci\u0301m nebo i jediny\u0301m pr\u030ci\u0301znakem. Tyto poti\u0301z\u030ce se c\u030casto objevuji\u0301 v\u00a0noci nebo nad ra\u0301nem.<\/p>\n Celosve\u030ctovy\u0301 poc\u030cet astmatiku\u030a je odhadova\u0301n na vi\u0301ce nez\u030c 300 milionu\u030a. Za posledni\u0301ch 20 let docha\u0301zi\u0301 celosve\u030ctove\u030c k na\u0301ru\u030astu onemocne\u030cni\u0301 pr\u030cedevs\u030ci\u0301m u de\u030cti\u0301 a mladistvy\u0301ch, a astma se sta\u0301va\u0301 nejc\u030caste\u030cjs\u030ci\u0301m chronicky\u0301m onemocne\u030cni\u0301m de\u030ctske\u0301ho ve\u030cku. Tento trend je patrny\u0301 i v C\u030ceske\u0301 republice.<\/p>\n Astma nelze zcela vyle\u0301c\u030cit, je vs\u030cak mo\u017en\u00e9 je dostat pod kontrolu. Vc\u030casna\u0301 diagno\u0301za a u\u0301c\u030cinna\u0301 le\u0301c\u030cba umoz\u030cn\u030cuji\u0301 astma v drtive\u0301 ve\u030cts\u030cine\u030c p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f zvla\u0301dat ambulantne\u030c. Nele\u0301c\u030cene\u0301 astma vede k\u00a0trval\u00e9mu a nevratn\u00e9mu po\u0161kozen\u00ed plic, co\u017e v\u00fdrazn\u011b zhor\u0161uje kvalitu \u017eivota pacienta. O nemocn\u00e9 s\u00a0astmatem se v\u00a0\u010cesk\u00e9 republice staraj\u00ed pneumologov\u00e9 a alergologov\u00e9.<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Lidem s t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdm astmatem pomohou v centrech Zdroj: emaminy.cz Jako bych d\u00fdchal skrz br\u010dko. M\u00e1m pocit, \u017ee se top\u00edm, i kdy\u017e jsem na suchu. Na hrudn\u00edku m\u011b nesnesiteln\u011b t\u00ed\u017e\u00ed. Jako bych b\u011b\u017eel maraton, i kdy\u017e sed\u00edm. M\u00e1m \u010derno p\u0159ed o\u010dima\u2026 T\u011bmito slovy popisuj\u00ed lid\u00e9 s t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdm astmatem chv\u00edle, kdy proch\u00e1zej\u00ed z\u00e1chvatem, tzv. exacerbac\u00ed. Nez\u0159\u00eddka […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1154","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\tL\u00e9\u010dba a specializovan\u00e1 p\u00e9\u010de<\/strong><\/h2>\n
P\u0159\u00edznaky astmatu<\/strong><\/h2>\n
O astmatu<\/strong><\/h2>\n