{"id":1068,"date":"2024-06-25T16:14:25","date_gmt":"2024-06-25T14:14:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/caro-gard.cz\/?page_id=1068"},"modified":"2026-02-23T13:19:48","modified_gmt":"2026-02-23T12:19:48","slug":"clanek-pacienti-s-tuberkulozou-se-mohou-lecit-doma","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/caro-gard.cz\/?page_id=1068","title":{"rendered":"\u010cl\u00e1nek – Pacienti s tuberkul\u00f3zou se mohou l\u00e9\u010dit doma"},"content":{"rendered":"

[et_pb_section fb_built=“1″ next_background_color=“#ffffff“ _builder_version=“4.16″ _module_preset=“default“ background_image=“https:\/\/caro-gard.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/zahlavi_pozadi.png“ min_height=“304.2px“ bottom_divider_style=“slant“ bottom_divider_flip=“horizontal“ global_colors_info=“{}“][et_pb_row _builder_version=“4.16″ _module_preset=“default“ width=“70%“ custom_margin=“|auto|-59px|auto||“ global_colors_info=“{}“][et_pb_column type=“4_4″ _builder_version=“4.16″ _module_preset=“default“ global_colors_info=“{}“][et_pb_text _builder_version=“4.25.2″ _module_preset=“default“ text_font=“Inria Serif|700|||||||“ text_text_color=“#FFFFFF“ text_font_size=“30px“ text_line_height=“1.3em“ header_font=“Inria Serif|700|||||||“ header_text_align=“left“ header_text_color=“#FFFFFF“ header_line_height=“1.2em“ header_2_font=“Inria Serif||||||||“ header_2_text_color=“#FFFFFF“ header_2_font_size=“24px“ header_2_line_height=“1.2em“ header_6_font=“Inria Serif|700|||||||“ header_6_text_color=“#FFFFFF“ header_6_font_size=“16px“ header_6_line_height=“4.7em“ background_enable_image=“off“ max_width=“70%“ max_width_tablet=“70%“ max_width_phone=“90%“ max_width_last_edited=“on|phone“ header_font_size_tablet=““ header_font_size_phone=“25px“ header_font_size_last_edited=“on|phone“ header_2_font_size_tablet=“24px“ header_2_font_size_phone=“20px“ header_2_font_size_last_edited=“on|phone“ header_6_font_size_tablet=“16px“ header_6_font_size_phone=“14px“ header_6_font_size_last_edited=“on|phone“ global_colors_info=“{}“]<\/p>\n

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Pacienti s tuberkul\u00f3zou se mohou l\u00e9\u010dit doma \u2013 n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed<\/h1>\n
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[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=“1″ _builder_version=“4.16″ _module_preset=“default“ global_colors_info=“{}“][et_pb_row _builder_version=“4.16″ _module_preset=“default“ width=“70%“ min_height=“1238.4px“ custom_margin=“-43px|auto||auto||“ global_colors_info=“{}“][et_pb_column type=“4_4″ _builder_version=“4.16″ _module_preset=“default“ global_colors_info=“{}“][et_pb_text _builder_version=“4.25.2″ _module_preset=“default“ text_font=“Open Sans||||||||“ text_text_color=“#404040″ text_font_size=“16px“ header_3_font=“Inria Serif|700|||||||“ header_3_text_color=“#0082AD“ header_3_line_height=“1.4em“ header_4_font=“Inria Serif||on||||||“ header_4_text_color=“#0082AD“ header_4_font_size=“20px“ header_4_line_height=“1.3em“ header_6_font=“Inria Serif|700|||||||“ header_6_text_color=“#DF428B“ max_width=“80%“ max_width_tablet=“80%“ max_width_phone=“100%“ max_width_last_edited=“on|phone“ global_colors_info=“{}“]Po\u010det lid\u00ed s tuberkul\u00f3zou v \u010cesk\u00e9 republicemeziro\u010dn\u011b vzrostl o 64 osob, stoupl i po\u010det nemocn\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed. S TBC se loni dle dostupn\u00fdch dat l\u00e9\u010dilo 447 pacient\u016f. \u010ce\u0161t\u00ed plicn\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159i n\u00e1por zvl\u00e1daj\u00ed a p\u0159ipravuj\u00ed se na dal\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1r\u016fst. Doporu\u010duj\u00ed zav\u00e9st pravideln\u00e9 testy u lid\u00ed z rizikov\u00fdch zem\u00ed, budou tak\u00e9 roz\u0161i\u0159ovat kapacity tam, kde se nemocn\u00ed l\u00e9\u010d\u00ed. \u00dalevu by m\u011bla p\u0159in\u00e9st i nov\u00e1 vyhl\u00e1\u0161ka, podle kter\u00e9 se mohou spolupracuj\u00edc\u00ed pacienti l\u00e9\u010dit doma.<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Po\u010det lid\u00ed s touto nemoc\u00ed v \u010cesku vzrostl<\/h2>\n

Pneumologov\u00e9 o tom informuj\u00ed u p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti Sv\u011btov\u00e9ho dne boje proti tuberkul\u00f3ze, kter\u00fd p\u0159ipad\u00e1 na 24. b\u0159ezna. Ve stejn\u00fd den, jen o 142 let d\u0159\u00edve, ozn\u00e1mil n\u011bmeck\u00fd l\u00e9ka\u0159 Robert Koch objev z\u00e1ke\u0159n\u00e9ho bacilu Mycobacterium tuberculosis, jen\u017e nemoc zp\u016fsobuje.<\/p>\n

<\/em>
\n\u201eVzhledem k v\u00e1lce na Ukrajin\u011b nen\u00ed n\u00e1r\u016fst nemocn\u00fdch \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fdm p\u0159ekvapen\u00edm, je zn\u00e1mo \u017ee na v\u00fdchod od \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky nen\u00ed p\u00e9\u010de o tuberkul\u00f3zn\u00ed pacienty na takov\u00e9 \u00farovni jako u n\u00e1s. Pod\u00edl TBC u osob narozen\u00fdch mimo \u010cR loni \u010dinil 49,2 % (220 p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f), z toho 140 je z Ukrajiny, co\u017e je t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 \u010dty\u0159ikr\u00e1t v\u00edce ne\u017e p\u0159ed v\u00e1lkou. Ze Slovenska evidujeme 21 p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f, z Rumunska a Vietnamu n\u00e1m p\u0159ibylo po 11 p\u0159\u00edpadech atp.,\u201c<\/em> \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 MUDr. Ji\u0159\u00ed Wallenfels, vedouc\u00ed N\u00e1rodn\u00ed jednotky dohledu nad tuberkul\u00f3zou, Fakultn\u00ed nemocnice Bulovka. Nejnov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed data tak\u00e9 uk\u00e1zala v\u00fdrazn\u00fd n\u00e1r\u016fst TBC u d\u011bt\u00ed do 15 let \u2013 z 11 p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f jejich po\u010det loni sko\u010dil na 30. \u201eObvykle evidujeme 5\u201310 nemocn\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed za rok,\u201c<\/em> podot\u00fdk\u00e1 MUDr. Wallenfels. Za lo\u0148sk\u00fdm n\u00e1r\u016fstem mal\u00fdch pacient\u016f je nap\u0159\u00edklad lok\u00e1ln\u00ed epidemie v Ben\u00e1tk\u00e1ch nad Jizerou, ale tak\u00e9 p\u0159esn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed diagnostick\u00e9 postupy. \u201eP\u0159i hled\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00fdch lo\u017eisek tuberkul\u00f3zy jsme u vybran\u00fdch pacient\u016f za\u010dali pou\u017e\u00edvat CT, a p\u0159esto\u017ee na rentgenu plic nebyla nemoc vid\u011bt, CT vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed jej\u00ed p\u0159\u00edtomnost prok\u00e1zalo. Poprv\u00e9 jsme tak\u00e9 m\u011bli d\u00edt\u011b s potvrzenou odolnou, tzv. multirezistentn\u00ed formou TBC,\u201c<\/em> popisuje MUDr. Karol\u00edna Dole\u017ealov\u00e1, Ph.D., vedouc\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159ka Plicn\u00ed ambulance a St\u0159ediska p\u00e9\u010de pro d\u011bti s tuberkul\u00f3zou a mykobakteri\u00f3zami Fakultn\u00ed Thomayerovy nemocnice FTN. Zde se l\u00e9\u010d\u00ed jak mal\u00e9 d\u011bti, tak dosp\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed do 18 let v\u011bku. Kv\u016fli o\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e9mu n\u00e1r\u016fstu mlad\u00fdch pacient\u016f se budou kapacity tohoto pracovi\u0161t\u011b roz\u0161i\u0159ovat o 2\u20133 pokoje, s t\u00edm, \u017ee zcela nov\u011b by s d\u011btmi mohly b\u00fdt na pokoji i jejich matky.<\/div>\n

Vzhledem k n\u00e1r\u016fstu multirezistentn\u00edch forem tuberkul\u00f3zy v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice (loni 31) je t\u0159eba, aby vzniklo nov\u00e9 pracovi\u0161t\u011b s kapacitou 10\u201315 l\u016f\u017eek, o tom nyn\u00ed pneumologov\u00e9 jednaj\u00ed s Ministerstvem zdravotnictv\u00ed. \u201eV\u0161e ale z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na financ\u00edch, stavba takov\u00e9 jednotky nen\u00ed levn\u00e1. Dosud se v\u0161ichni tito pacienti l\u00e9\u010d\u00ed v Thomayerov\u011b nemocnici, ale kapacity brzy p\u0159estanou sta\u010dit,\u201c<\/em> \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 doc. MUDr. Vladim\u00edr Kobl\u00ed\u017eek<\/span>, Ph.D., p\u0159edseda \u010cesk\u00e9 pneumologick\u00e9 a ftizeologick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti (\u010cPFS).<\/p>\n

\u010cesk\u00e1 republika si za to, jak dok\u00e1\u017ee zajistit l\u00e9\u010dbu zejm\u00e9na multirezistentn\u00ed tuberkul\u00f3zy podle posledn\u00edch doporu\u010den\u00ed, vyslou\u017eila pochvalu od Sv\u011btov\u00e9 zdravotnick\u00e9 organizace WHO – \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 prof. MUDr. Martina Koziar Va\u0161\u00e1kov\u00e1, Ph.D., p\u0159ednostka Pneumologick\u00e9 kliniky a 1. LF UK. P\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 ale, \u017ee je t\u0159eba neusnout na vav\u0159\u00ednech a pracovat na tom, aby situace z\u016fstala klidn\u00e1 i nad\u00e1le. \u201eN\u00e1r\u016fst odoln\u00fdch forem TBC, necitliv\u00fdch na b\u011b\u017en\u00e1 antituberkulotika, je dvojn\u00e1sobn\u00fd. O \u00fahradu modern\u00edch l\u00e9k\u016f, kter\u00e9 zkracuj\u00ed dobu hospitalizace z 18\u201324 na 6\u20139 m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f, mus\u00edme \u017e\u00e1dat zdravotn\u00ed poji\u0161\u0165ovny mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b na paragraf 16. L\u00e9\u010dba jednoho pacienta stoj\u00ed kolem 1,5 milionu korun,\u201c<\/em> uv\u00e1d\u00ed prof. Koziar Va\u0161\u00e1kov\u00e1.
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U b\u011b\u017en\u00fdch forem tuberkul\u00f3zy, citliv\u00fdch na l\u00e9ky, by m\u011bla l\u00e9ka\u0159\u016fm i pacient\u016fm ulevit nov\u00e1 vyhl\u00e1\u0161ka o podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch p\u0159edch\u00e1zen\u00ed vzniku a \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed infek\u010dn\u00edch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, platn\u00e1 od ledna. \u201eTa n\u00e1m umo\u017e\u0148uje pustit nemocn\u00e9 s b\u011b\u017enou tuberkul\u00f3zou po n\u011bkolika dnech z nemocnice dom\u016f. Mus\u00ed ale spolupracovat, dodr\u017eovat dom\u00e1c\u00ed izolaci a u\u017e\u00edvat pravideln\u011b l\u00e9ky. Do plicn\u00ed ambulance pak ji\u017e doch\u00e1z\u00ed jen na kontroly. Zda je v\u0161e tak, jak m\u00e1 b\u00fdt, m\u016f\u017eeme posoudit s pomoc\u00ed telemedic\u00edny, kter\u00e1 n\u00e1m umo\u017en\u00ed b\u00fdt s pacientem v pravideln\u00e9m kontaktu,\u201c<\/em> vysv\u011btluje doc. MUDr. Milan Sova, Ph.D., p\u0159ednosta Kliniky nemoc\u00ed plicn\u00edch a tuberkul\u00f3zy Fakultn\u00ed nemocnice Brno. Pr\u00e1v\u011b zde meziro\u010dn\u011b vzrostl po\u010det pacient\u016f o 61 % na lo\u0148sk\u00fdch 21. Doc. Sova odhaduje, \u017ee spolupracuj\u00edc\u00edch pacient\u016f by mohla b\u00fdt a\u017e polovina a p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1, \u017ee takto nastaven\u00fd syst\u00e9m ulev\u00ed nemocnic\u00edm, l\u00e9\u010debn\u00e1m a je pro pacienty v\u00fdrazn\u011b p\u0159\u00edjemn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed.
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\u010ce\u0161t\u00ed plicn\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159i tak doporu\u010duj\u00ed ambulantn\u00edm pneumolog\u016fm a praktick\u00fdm l\u00e9ka\u0159\u016fm prov\u00e9st u v\u0161ech pacient\u016f z rizikov\u00fdch zem\u00ed p\u0159i prvn\u00edm kontaktu rentgenov\u00fd sn\u00edmek hrudn\u00edku. Plicn\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159i mohou nav\u00edc zajistit speci\u00e1ln\u00ed krevn\u00ed test na mo\u017enou p\u0159\u00edtomnost latentn\u00ed tuberkul\u00f3zy v t\u011ble. \u201eU v\u0161ech osob s pozitivn\u00edm krevn\u00edm testem je pak vhodn\u00e9 prov\u00e9st CT vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed plic. To je schopno odhalit i men\u0161\u00ed formy tuberkul\u00f3zy, kter\u00e9 nejsou p\u0159i klasick\u00e9m rentgenov\u00e9m vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed hrudn\u00edku vid\u011bt. Pneumologov\u00e9 tedy mohou u ka\u017ed\u00e9ho dosp\u011bl\u00e9ho \u010dlov\u011bka z rizikov\u00e9 oblasti pomoc\u00ed komplexn\u00edho nebolestiv\u00e9ho vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed vylou\u010dit tuberkul\u00f3zn\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed \u010di zat\u00edm bezp\u0159\u00edznakovou n\u00e1kazu. Pro l\u00e9\u010dbu maj\u00ed k dispozici modern\u00ed prepar\u00e1ty. \u00da\u010delem je podchytit nemocn\u00e9 v\u010das, v dob\u011b, kdy je\u0161t\u011b nemaj\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 \u010di zcela minim\u00e1ln\u00ed pot\u00ed\u017ee, a zabr\u00e1nit tak dal\u0161\u00edmu \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed nemoci,\u201c<\/em> dod\u00e1v\u00e1 doc. Kobl\u00ed\u017eek.
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Epidemiologick\u00e1 situace TBC v \u010cR v roce 2023 v \u010d\u00edslech<\/h2>\n

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MUDr. Ji\u0159\u00ed Wallenfels, N\u00e1rodn\u00ed jednotka dohledu nad tuberkul\u00f3zou, FN Bulovka, Praha. Jde o p\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00e1 data k 6. 3. 2024 z n\u00e1rodn\u00edho registru TBC, registr TBC se \u201euzav\u00edr\u00e1\u201c 30. 4. 2024. P\u0159ehled podle kraje bydli\u0161t\u011b nemocn\u00e9ho (v\u010d. porovn\u00e1n\u00ed s minul\u00fdmi roky) je uveden zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165.<\/p>\n
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  • Celkem zat\u00edm do registru TBC hl\u00e1\u0161eno 447 p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f TBC<\/li>\n
  • Mu\u017ei: 319 p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f, \u017eeny 128 p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f<\/li>\n
  • TBC u d\u0159\u00edve l\u00e9\u010den\u00fdch je 19<\/li>\n
  • TBC plic je 391<\/li>\n
  • Kultiva\u010dn\u011b pozitivn\u00edch TBC je 318<\/li>\n
  • Po\u010det mikroskopicky pozitivn\u00edch TBC ze sputa (siln\u00e9 zdroje infekce) je 182<\/li>\n
  • Pod\u00edl TBC u osob narozen\u00fdch mimo \u010cR \u010din\u00ed 49,2 % (220 p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f), z toho narozeni na Ukrajin\u011b<\/span> 140 p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f, na Slovensku<\/span> 21 p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f, v Rumunsku<\/span> a ve Vietnamu<\/span> po 11 p\u0159\u00edpadech atd.<\/li>\n
  • Hl\u00e1\u0161eno je 31 p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f multirezistentn\u00ed TBC<\/li>\n
  • Pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00fd v\u011bk nemocn\u00fdch je 45,5 roku<\/li>\n
  • Po\u010det TBC u d\u011bt\u00ed do 15 let v\u011bku je 30, z nich 22 narozeno v \u010cR, 5 na Slovensku<\/span> a 3 na Ukrajin\u011b<\/span><\/li>\n
  • Hl\u00e1\u0161eno 16 p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f TBC u HIV pozitivn\u00edch (z 300 vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00fdch na HIV), 14 z nich u osob narozen\u00fdch na Ukrajin\u011b<\/span>, 2 v \u010cR<\/li>\n
  • Hl\u00e1\u0161eno 15 \u00famrt\u00ed na TBC<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
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    Pacienti s tuberkul\u00f3zou se mohou l\u00e9\u010dit doma \u2013 n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed   Po\u010det lid\u00ed s tuberkul\u00f3zou v \u010cesk\u00e9 republicemeziro\u010dn\u011b vzrostl o 64 osob, stoupl i po\u010det nemocn\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed. S TBC se loni dle dostupn\u00fdch dat l\u00e9\u010dilo 447 pacient\u016f. \u010ce\u0161t\u00ed plicn\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159i n\u00e1por zvl\u00e1daj\u00ed a p\u0159ipravuj\u00ed se na dal\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1r\u016fst. Doporu\u010duj\u00ed zav\u00e9st pravideln\u00e9 testy u lid\u00ed z rizikov\u00fdch […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1068","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t